Sorting out adaptors

Sorting it out: AP-2 and alternate clathrin adaptors in endocytic cargo selection

The AP-2 adaptor complex is widely viewed as a linchpin molecule in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, simultaneously binding both clathrin and receptors. This dual interaction couples cargo capture with clathrin coat assembly, but it has now been discovered that the association with cargo is tightly regulated. Remarkably, AP-2 is not obligatory for all clathrin-mediated uptake, and several alterna...

Arrestins as adaptors for ubiquitination in endocytosis and sorting.

Arrestins as adaptors for ubiquitination in endocytosis and sorting Endocytosis is the process by which cells internalize portions of their cell membrane along with embedded proteins. these membrane proteins can be recycled back to the plasma membrane from the endosomal compartments to be reused or, alternatively, follow a degradative pathway to the lysosomes. Seven transmembrane receptors (7tM...

Arrestins as adaptors for ubiquitination in endocytosis and sorting

Sorting Out Sound

Speech analysis is a prototypical categorical mechanism that has been examined behaviorally in work going back to Haskins Laboratory studies in the 1950s: such work examined the perception of continua between phonemes and demonstrated sharp discontinuities consistent with categorical perception. In this issue of Neuron, Raizada and Poldrack examine analysis mechanisms for such processing by mea...

Sorting out Zero-Knowledge

The purpose of this paper is to explain the various notions involved and to offer a new terminology that emphasizes their differences. There are two orthogonal aspects to zero-knowledge interactive proofs. One is the notion of zero-knowledge and the other is the notion of interactive proof. Unfortunately, these two notions are often thought to be inseparable. This confusion is reminiscent of th...